The spleen (from Greek σπλήν--splḗn) is a organ found in almost all vertebrates. Similar in structure to a massive lymph node, it functions primarily as a blood filter.

The spleen plays significant roles in respect to red blood cells (also known as erythrocytes) and also the immune system. It removes old red blood cells also retains a book of blood vessels, which is beneficial in the event of hemorrhagic shock, and also recycles iron. As a part of the mononuclear phagocyte system, it metabolizes hemoglobin removed from senescent red blood cells (erythrocytes). The globin part of hemoglobin is degraded to the constitutive amino acids, and also the hemepart is summoned to bilirubin, which can be eliminated from the liver.

The spleen synthesizes antibodies in its own white pulp and eliminates antibody-coated germs and antibody-coated blood cells by means of blood and lymph node flow. A study published in 2009 with mice discovered that the reddish pulp of these spleen creates a reservoir which comprises over half of their human body's monocytes. All these monocytes, upon going to hurt tissue (like the heart following myocardial infarction), become dendritic cells and macrophages whilst promoting tissue healing. The spleen is a middle of action of this mononuclear phagocyte system and may be considered akin to a massive lymph node, as its lack causes a predisposition to particular ailments.

In People the spleen is Brown in Colour and Can Be located in the left upper quadrant of Their abdomen

Spleen Causes

A number of infections and diseases may cause an enlarged spleen. The enlargement of the spleen may be temporary, depending on treatment. Contributing factors include:

Various types of hemolytic anemia — a condition characterized by early destruction of red blood cells
Blood cancers, such as leukemia and myeloproliferative neoplasms, and lymphomas, such as Hodgkin's disease
Metabolic disorders, such as Gaucher's disease and Niemann-Pick disease
Pressure on the veins in the spleen or liver or a blood clot in these veins
Viral infections, such as mononucleosis
Bacterial infections, such as syphilis or an infection of your heart's inner lining (endocarditis)
Parasitic infections, such as malaria
Cirrhosis and other diseases affecting the liver
How the spleen works

Your spleen is tucked under your rib cage next to your stomach on the left side of your abdomen. It's a soft, spongy organ that performs several critical jobs. Your spleen:

Prevents infection by producing white blood cells (lymphocytes) and acting as a first line of defense against disease-causing organisms
Filters out and destroys old, damaged blood cells
Stores red blood cells and platelets, which help your blood clot
An enlarged spleen affects all these critical functions. Since your spleen grows bigger, it filters ordinary red blood cells in addition to abnormal ones, reducing the amount of healthy cells in your bloodstream. Additionally, it traps a lot of platelets.

Excessive red blood cells and platelets eventually can clog your spleen and influence normal functioning. An enlarged spleen might even outgrow its own blood supply, which may harm or destroy segments of the organ.

Symptoms of splenomegaly

An enlarged spleen may cause:

Fatigue
Frequent infections
Easy bleeding
No symptoms in some cases
Pain or fullness in the left upper abdomen that may spread to the left shoulder
Feeling full without eating or after eating only a small amount from the enlarged spleen pressing on your stomach
Anemia
See your doctor promptly if you have pain in your left upper abdomen, especially if it's severe or the pain gets worse when you take a deep breath.


Source: https://aderonkebamidele.com/spleen-causes-symptoms-enlarged-spleen/