Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) describes bodily and psychological symptoms which happen from the one to two weeks before a woman period. Symptoms frequently vary between woman and solve around the beginning of bleeding. Often symptoms are found for about six days. A female's pattern of symptoms can change over time. Symptoms don't occur during pregnancy or subsequent menopause.

Diagnosis requires a consistent pattern of emotional and physiological symptoms occurring following childbirth and before puberty into a level that interferes with normal life. Emotional symptoms should not be found during the first portion of the menstrual cycle. A daily collection of symptoms within a couple of months might assist in identification. Other ailments that cause similar symptoms will need to be excluded before a diagnosis is made.

The underlying mechanism is thought to involve changes in hormone levels. Reducing caffeine, sodium, and anxiety together with raising exercise is normally all that's recommended in people who have mild symptoms. Vitamin and vitamin Dsupplementation could be helpful in some. Anti-inflammatory drugs like naproxen can aid with bodily symptoms.In people who have more serious symptoms birth control pills or even the diuretic spironolactone could possibly be helpful.

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) has a wide variety of symptoms, including mood swings, tender breasts, food cravings, fatigue, irritability and depression. It's estimated that as many as 3 of every 4 menstruating women have experienced some form of premenstrual syndrome.

Symptoms tend to recur in a predictable pattern. But the physical and emotional changes you experience with premenstrual syndrome may vary from just slightly noticeable all the way to intense.

Still, you don't have to let these problems control your life. Treatments and lifestyle adjustments can help you reduce or manage the signs and symptoms of premenstrual syndrome.

Signs and symptoms Premenstrual syndrome

Over 200 distinct symptoms are associated with PMS. Common psychological and nonspecific symptoms comprise anxiety, stress, problem with sleep, aggravation, feeling exhausted, mood swings, improved emotional sensitivity, and changes in intrest in s*x.

Physical symptoms related to the menstrual cycle comprise bloating, lower back pain, stomach cramps, constipation/diarrhea, swelling or tenderness in the breasts, cyclic acne, and muscle or joint pain, and food cravings. The specific symptoms and their intensity vary appreciably from girl to woman, as well as marginally from cycle to cycle as well as. Most women with premenstrual syndrome encounter just some of the probable symptoms, at a relatively predictable routine.

The list of potential signs and symptoms for premenstrual syndrome is long, but most women only experience a few of these problems.

Emotional and behavioral symptoms

Tension or anxiety
Depressed mood
Crying spells
Mood swings and irritability or anger
Appetite changes and food cravings
Trouble falling asleep (insomnia)
Social withdrawal
Poor concentration
 
Physical signs and symptoms

Joint or muscle pain
Headache
Fatigue
Weight gain related to fluid retention
Abdominal bloating
Breast tenderness
Acne flare-ups
Constipation or diarrhea
For some, the physical pain and emotional stress are severe enough to affect their daily lives. Regardless of symptom severity, the signs and symptoms generally disappear within four days of the start of the menstrual period for most women.

But a small number of women with premenstrual syndrome have disabling symptoms every month. This form of PMS is called premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).

PMDD signs and symptoms include depression, mood swings, anger, anxiety, feeling overwhelmed, difficulty concentrating, irritability and tension.

Premenstrual syndrome Causes

While PMS is connected to the luteal phase, the causes of PMS aren't clear, but many factors could be involved. Changes in hormones throughout the menstrual cycle appear to be an important variable; altering hormone levels influence some women over others. Chemical changes in the brain, anxiety, and psychological difficulties, for example depression, don't appear to cause PMS however they might make it even worse. Low levels of minerals and vitamins, higher alcohol, sodium, or caffeine may exacerbate symptoms like water retention and bloating. PMS occurs more frequently in women that are between their late 20s and early 40s; have at least 1 kid; have a family history of depression; also have a previous medical history of either postpartum depression or a mood disorder.

Exactly what causes premenstrual syndrome is unknown, but several factors may contribute to the condition:

Chemical changes in the brain. Fluctuations of serotonin, a brain chemical (neurotransmitter) that is thought to play a crucial role in mood states, could trigger PMS symptoms. Insufficient amounts of serotonin may contribute to premenstrual depression, as well as to fatigue, food cravings and sleep problems.
Depression. Some women with severe premenstrual syndrome have undiagnosed depression, though depression alone does not cause all of the symptoms.
Chemical changes in the brain. Fluctuations of serotonin, a brain chemical (neurotransmitter) that is thought to play a crucial role in mood states, could trigger PMS symptoms. Insufficient amounts of serotonin may contribute to premenstrual depression, as well as to fatigue, food cravings and sleep problems.
Depression. Some women with severe premenstrual syndrome have undiagnosed depression, though depression alone does not cause all of the symptoms.


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